Classification and basic principles of HVAC systems
Classification of Comfort Air Conditioner by Purpose - Requires suitable temperature, comfortable environment, no strict requirements for temperature and humidity regulation accuracy, used for housing, offices, cinemas, shopping malls, sports halls, automobiles, ships, airplanes, etc. Craft air conditioning - has certain requirements for temperature and humidity regulation accuracy, and also has high requirements for air cleanliness. Used in electronic device production workshops, precision instrument production workshops, computer rooms, biological laboratories, etc. 2. Classify centralized (central) air conditioning according to equipment layout - air handling equipment is concentrated in the central air conditioning room, and the treated air is sent to the air conditioning systems of each room through air ducts. Suitable for places with large areas, concentrated rooms, and similar heat and humidity loads in each room, such as shopping malls, supermarkets, restaurants, ships, factories, etc. The system maintenance and management are convenient, and the noise reduction and vibration isolation of equipment are relatively easy to solve. However, the energy consumption of fans and pumps in the transmission and distribution system of centralized air conditioning systems is relatively high. This system is relatively complex and can achieve high adjustment accuracy. Suitable for civil buildings with independent regulation requirements such as hotels, guesthouses, and office buildings, the energy consumption of the transmission and distribution system of semi centralized air conditioning is usually lower than that of centralized air conditioning systems. Common semi centralized air conditioning systems include fan coil unit systems and induction air conditioning systems. The air conditioner can be installed directly in the room or in adjacent rooms to process the air on site. Suitable for small areas, scattered rooms, and large differences in heat and humidity loads, such as offices, computer rooms, homes, etc. Its equipment can be a single independent air conditioning unit, or a system composed of fan coil units that supply hot and cold water through pipelines. Each room adjusts its temperature as needed.
Classify according to the load bearing medium
All air system - only delivers hot and cold air to the air-conditioned area through air ducts. The types of air ducts in an all air system include single zone air ducts, multi zone air ducts, single or double pipes, end reheat air ducts, fixed air flow rate, variable air flow rate systems, and hybrid systems. In a typical all air system, fresh air and return air are mixed and processed through refrigerant coils before being sent into the room for heating or cooling. Full water system - The room load is borne by the centralized supply of cold and hot water. Heating is achieved through the circulation of hot water in coils. When the environment only requires cooling or heating, or when heating and cooling are not carried out simultaneously, a two control system can be used. The hot water required for heating is produced by electric heaters or boilers, using convection heat exchangers, kick plate radiators, finned tube radiators, standard fan coil units, etc. for heat dissipation. Air water system - The load of the air-conditioned room is partially borne by the centrally processed air, while other loads are carried out by water as a medium entering the air-conditioned room for further air treatment. The direct evaporative unit system, also known as the refrigerant air conditioning system, directly bears the load of the air-conditioned room by the refrigerant. The evaporator (or condenser) of the refrigeration system directly absorbs (or releases) heat from the air-conditioned room. The unit consists of air handling equipment (air cooler, air heater, humidifier, filter, etc.), ventilation fan, and refrigeration equipment (refrigeration compressor, throttling mechanism, etc.).
Suzhou Pharma Machinery Co.,Ltd.
2025/05/26
Gino
